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| Registros recuperados: 21 | |
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| Pautrel, Xavier. |
| This article challenges the conventional result that a tighter environmental tax has no long-run effect on human capital accumulation in the presence of pollution arising from final output production. It demonstrates that the technology used in the abatement sector determines the existence and the direction of the growth-effect. A tighter environmental tax rises (respectively reduces) human capital accumulation in the presence of pollution arising from final production, if the abatement sector is relatively more intensive in human (resp. physical) capital than final sector. That result always holds for finite lifetime but for infinite lifetime it only holds when labor supply is endogenous. The transitional impact of a tighter environmental policy is also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Growth; Environment; Overlapping Generations; Human Capital; Abatement; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q5; Q58. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101379 |
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| Waldorf, Brigitte S.. |
| The paper aims at understanding changes in the distribution and accumulation of intellectual capital by analyzing migrants' educational profiles across a sample of 303 U.S. counties. The results suggest that newcomers are better educated than the resident population, and the education gap is most pronounced for newcomers from other states. The results further suggest that the educational status of newcomers "in-migrants" is positively related to the educational status of the resident population "stayers", thus implying a further agglomeration of human capital across space. However, for interstate migrants the effect is context-dependent, playing a greater role in urban than in rural settings. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; Migration; Brain Drain; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J24; R23. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9866 |
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| Cortes, Darwin; Friebel, Guido; Maldonado, Dario. |
| We model the decisions of young individuals to stay in school or drop-out and engage in criminal activities. We build on the literature on human capital and crime engagement and use the framework of Banerjee (1993) that assumes that the information needed to engage in crime arrives in the form of a rumor and that individuals update their beliefs about the profitability of crime relative to education. These assumptions allow us to study the effect of social interactions on crime. We first show that a society with fully rational students is less vulnerable to crime than an otherwise identical society with boundedly rational students. We also investigate the spillovers from the actions of talented students to less talented students and show that policies that... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; The Economics of Rumors; Social Interactions; Urban Economics; Labor and Human Capital; D82; D83; I28. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96845 |
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| Pautrel, Xavier. |
| This article demonstrates that when finite lifetime is introduced in a Lucas (1988) growth model, the environmental policy may enhance growth both in the short- and the long-run, while pollution does not influence educational activities, labor supply is not elastic and human capital does not enter the utility function. This is because finite lifetime and the appearance of newborns at each date creates a turnover of generations which disconnects the aggregate consumption growth to the interest rate. We show that the shorter is the horizon, the greater the effect of the environmental policy on growth, because the higher the “generational turnover effect”. We also demonstrate that when time is not the single production factor in education, the environmental... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Growth; Environment; Overlapping Generations; Human Capital; C; O. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42146 |
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| Nankhuni, Flora J.. |
| Malawi is facing a severe HIV/AIDS Pandemic. With an estimated prevalence rate of 14.2%, it ranks eight in the world. About 900,000 Malawians were infected by 2003 and there were110,000 new infections and 87,000 deaths due to HIV/AIDS in 2003. The disease has poten tially devastating impacts. For example, 'taking children out of school' is mentioned as one of the coping mechanisms (Garbus 2003) but evidence is mixed. Doctor (2004) found no statistically significant difference between enrollment of orphans and non-orphans and mentioned an effective extended family structure as explanation. However, HIV/AIDS, poverty, macroeconomic policies, and food shortages are reported to render informal safety networks of the extended family systems irrelevant (Garbus... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Demographic Economics; Time Allocation; Malawi; Labor and Human Capital; 01; J1; J2; Human Capital; 05. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25540 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing; Yadav, Vandana. |
| Land reforms in India were aimed at securing access to land for poor rural households. We use data from West Bengal to highlight the impact of the state’s 1978 land reform program on human capital accumulation within the beneficiary households. The results from the study indicate that reform positively impacted the decision to invest in education. We ascertain a highly significant positive effect on long-term accumulation of human capital, and find that the size of benefit was modest in first generation and much larger for second generation beneficiaries. The second generation also does not have a gender bias, allowing women to catch up in their levels of education. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; Impact Evaluation; Land Reforms; International Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49969 |
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| Lutz, Wolfgang. |
| This paper summarizes new scientific evidence supporting the hypothesis that among the many factors contributing to international development, the combination of education and health stands out as a root cause on which other dimensions of development depend. Much of this recent analysis is based on new reconstructions and projections of populations by age, sex and four levels of educational attainment for more than 120 countries using the demographic method of multi-state population dynamics. It also refers to a series of systems analytical population–development–environment case studies that comprehensively assess the role of population and education factors relative to other factors in the struggle for sustainable development. The paper also claims that... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; Education; Health; Root cause of development; ‘Quality’ dimension in population analysis; Labor and Human Capital; I18; I28. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92710 |
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| Mane, Kate M.; Waldorf, Brigitte S.. |
| Immigrants’ human capital and human capital potential is not fully transferrable into wage levels in the host county. Albania is a recent case in point that offers an opportunity for study. Since the collapse of the totalitarian regime in 1990, Albania has undergone drastic demographic changes, fueled by unprecedented levels of emigration and disproportionately large shares of those who are leaving are highly skilled individuals. Albania’s brain drain has received a large amount of research attention over the years, but little is known about the possible brain gain for the host country, or brain waste resulting from the over education of the immigrant labor force. This paper investigates the issue of human capital transferability by examining the labor... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor; Human Capital; Labor and Human Capital; J24-J31. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90844 |
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| Ghelfi, Rino; Rivaroli, Sergio. |
| During the last years Italy, a country characterized by a long history of emigration, has seen a quickly growth of the phenomenon of immigration. Our Nation seems to be a “docking point” for new and substantial flow of immigrants mainly from Eastern Europe looking for new work opportunities. The profile of these people is usually characterized by high level of education as well as flexibility and adaptability. For the national economy in general, and for the agricultural sector in particular, this new migration flows represent an effective answer to the aversion for the agricultural job expressed by many potential autochthon workers. Which are the characteristics of extra-community agricultural labour? Which are the characteristics of migration flows... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Labour Markets; Immigrant Workers; Human Capital; Skills; Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital; J43; J61; J24. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57508 |
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| Sudekum, Jens. |
| One of the most prominent instruments of regional policy is to foster education and human capital formation in economically lagging regions. However, regional policy of this type can actually hurt instead of help the poor areas. The reason is that individual geographical mobility increases with the personal skill level. Through education subsidies, particularly if targeted on relatively high skilled workers, individuals can cross some threshold level of qualification beyond which emigration accrues. Regional policies then result in a human capital flight harmful to individuals remaining in the economic periphery. This fatal result does not hold for such policies that foster basic education and focus on the relatively low skilled. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Regional Policy; Education Subsidies; Human Capital; Labour Mobility; European Union; Labor and Human Capital; H3; F4; R1. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26130 |
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| Gould, Eric D.; Moav, Omer; Simhon, Avi. |
| This paper examines why developed countries are monogamous while rich men throughout history have tended to practice polygyny (multiple wives). Wealth inequality naturally produces multiple wives for rich men in a standard model of the marriage market. This paper argues that the sources of inequality, not just the level of inequality, determine the equilibrium degree of monogamy or polygamy. In particular, when inequality is determined more by disparities in human capital versus non-labor income (such as land, capital, corruption), the outcome is more monogamous. This explains why developed countries, where human capital is the main source of income and inequality, are monogamous while less-developed economies tend to be polygynous. The results are... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marriage; Monogamy; Polygyny; Human Capital; Inequality; J12; J24; O10; O40; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14992 |
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| Funke, Michael; Niebuhr, Annekatrin. |
| We study an overlapping generations model of human capital accumulation with threshold effects using regional data for West Germany. Our basic goal is to shed light on the growth of West German regions. The paper finds that the relative income distribution appears to be stratifying into a trimodal distribution. Thus, application of the threshold model to a real world case, here West Germany, shows that the model might help to explain regional growth patterns. Ausgangspunkt der Analyse ist ein Modell überlappender Generationen der Humankapitalakkumulation mit Schwellenwert-Effekten. Die empirische Überprüfung des Modells basiert auf einem regionalen Datensatz für Westdeutschland. Das zentrale Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, Erkenntnisse zum Wachstum... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Regional Economic Growth; Human Capital; Germany; Labor and Human Capital; J24; O40; R11; C31. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26141 |
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| Pautrel, Xavier. |
| Using a time-separable utility function where leisure is introduced through the disutility of working time and is adjusted for quality, as measured by human capital to capture home production, we demonstrate that the environmental policy is harmful for growth. A tighter environmental tax reduces the incentives to educate by increasing leisure time and lowers the steady-state growth rate and lifetime welfare, whatever the source of pollution. We also demonstrate that the intertemporal elasticity of substitution in labor supply plays a crucial role in the marginal impact of the environmental tax on growth and welfare. When the positive influence of human capital is added into preferences (by explicitly modelling the home production sector), we find that the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Leisure; Human Capital; Environmental Tax; Labor and Human Capital; C; Q56. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55331 |
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| Registros recuperados: 21 | |
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